Month: January 2020

Introduction to Exoplanets

toi-1338b

Jan 20, 2020 by exoplanetkyo

TOI-1338b is a binary planet, orbiting around the binary star system TOI-1338. It was discovered by a high school student doing a NASA internship program.

TOI-1338 is a binary star located in the Pictor constellation, about 1300 light-years away from Earth. The main star has a mass of about 1.1 times that of our sun, while the companion star has a mass about ⅓ of the sun. It takes about 15 days for them to orbit around each other. The main star has a radius about three times that of the sun, and a surface temperature of 5723 K, which is similar to the sun. It is a spectral G4 type star, with an apparent magnitude of 11.5, and an absolute magnitude of 3.5. The name, TOI, is an acronym for “TESS Object of Interest” which refers to the stars and planets discovered by the exoplanet exploration satellite TESS. With the discovery of TOI-1338b, TOI-1338 became the first binary star that has a binary planet discovered by TESS.

TOI-1338b is a unique planet that has a mass about 7 times that of the Earth, and was discovered by the transit method in 2020. Because the star is binary, the transit cycle is irregular at about 93-95 days. Since the orbit almost coincides with the orbit of the binary star, the planet always has a solar eclipse. According to ExoKyoto’s spectrum module, the light on the planet is 44.51% visible light, 47.80% infrared, and 7.66% ultraviolet.

Introduction to Exoplanets, None

TOI-700 d

Jan 11, 2020 by exoplanetkyo

TOI-700 is a red dwarf located in the Dorado constellation, about 101 light-years from Earth. Its surface temperature is 3480K, it is a spectral H2V type star, and its mass and radius are roughly four times that of our sun. The name of the star, TOI, stands for Tess Objects of Interest and refers to a catalog of celestial bodies that have shown the existence of orbiting planets using the TESS exoplanet search satellite. Objects listed in the TOI catalog are also observed with methods other than the transit method, such as Doppler spectroscopy and direct imaging. TOI-700 has also been referred to as Gaia DR2 5284517766615492736 because it was observed by the Space Telescope Gaiain 2013, launched by the ESA.

TOI-700 was observed with the transit method, and three planets were discovered orbiting around it. TOI-700d, which is the furthest of the planets at 0.16 AU, is a rocky planet 1.2 times the size of Earth, it is also likely to be within the area where water can exist in a liquid state (habitable zone). TESS has discovered a number of exoplanets since its launch in 2018, but this is the first Earth-sized planet to be found in the habitable zone.

According to the ExoKyoto Spectral Module, TOI-700d receives an estimated 85.72% of infrared light from its star, 13.97% is visible, and 0.30% is ultraviolet.

TOI-700d has a radius of about 1.19 that of the Earth, and its mass has not been measured yet, but it is estimated to be around 2.26 Earth’s mass using ExoKyoto’s mass estimation module. Its orbit is just outside the runaway greenhouse limit of Kopparapu et al. 2013 at 37 days. The planet could be tidally locked and it is possible that one side could be covered in plants.

  • TOI-700 とTOI-700 dの大きさの比較
  • TOI-700 dの公転軌道とハビタブルゾーン

For more information, visit our database page

http://www.exoplanetkyoto.org/exohtml/TOI-700_d.html